Clinical Presentation and Evaluation of Histopathological Patterns of Hospital-based Frequency of Thyroidectomic Biopsies

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical presentation of different histopathological pattern of hospital-based surgical thyroidectomic specimens.

Study Design: Multicentre, Prospective Study.

Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the department of Pathology, Isra University Hyderabad; Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro; Memon Hospital, Hyderabad and Al-Tibri Medical College & Hospital, Isra University Karachi Campus from July 2009 to December 2011.

Materials and Methods: In the present 358 thyroidectomic specimens were collected from four different hospitals of Sindh. Specimen of thyroid tissue was taken after the end of thyroidectomy. The tissues were fixed in buffered neutral formalin and after processing embedded in paraffin to form tissue blocks. A 5µm thick sections were cut by microtome and the sections were then stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H &E) strain. Special stain like PAS were also used for confiring specific diagnosis. The histopathalogical examination was then carried out for any morphological changes.

Results: The results showed that hospital-based frequency of throidectomy specimens was found to be 4.1%, indicating that the thyroid diseases are common in plain areas of Sindh. Multinodular goiter was the most common histopathological pattern in 202 cases and usually presents as asymptomatic lump in the neck. Thyroid neoplasms were found to be the second most common disease in 94 cases specially the follicular adenoma and papillary carcinoma. The mean±SD age of the patients in 358 thyroidectomy specimen was 32.65±10.66 years. The persons having age ranges between 10 to 70 years were considered. The youngest patient included in our study was 10 years old female with colloid adenoma. The female to male ratio was 2.5:1.

Conclusion: Thyroid diseases are common in plain areas. Multinodular goiter is the most prevalent thyroid disease. Follicular adenoma and papillary carcinoma are the most frequent thyroid neoplasms. It is therefore concluded that multinodular goiter and thyroid neoplasm are the most common pattern in thyroid diseases in these areas.