Study of Oxidative Stress and Relationship with Se(selenium), cu(copper), cd(cadmium) and pb(lead) levels in Obese Patients with diabetes and Hypertension

Abstract

Objective: The current study was aimed at investigating the changes in MDA (Malondialdehyde), some trace elements, and heavy metals in serum of obese patients with Type-2 diabetes and hypertension in Thi-Qar 
province, Iraq. 

Study Design: Observational and Case series study 
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the “Al-Nasiriya Teaching Hospital in Thi-Qar Governorate” and “biochemistry Laboratory” in the “College of science” in the duration between August 2024 to March 2025. 

Methods: There are 140 subjects (male and female) in the study, 105 patients diagnosed with obese (BMI ≥30) among them, and 35 as control with (BMI ˂25) and their ages range from (35–65) years. They divided into four groups as the following: Cont. group:  included (35) normal healthy, Obes. group: Included (35) Just obese patients, ODM group: Included (35) obese diabetes patients and OHTN group: Included (35) obese hypertensive patients.   

Results: The results in this study indicated a significant increase (P≤0.05) in MDA, Cu, Cd and Pb levels and a significant decrease in Se level in all patients’ groups in comparison with the control group, whereas no significant change (p≤0.05). While there was no significant difference in each serum MDA, Se, Cu, Cd, and Pb levels between the obese-DM group and the obese-HTN group compared to the obese group (p ≤0.05). 

Conclusion: This study concluded that the obese patients with T2DM and with HTN had high significant level of MDA, Cu and heavy metals (Pb and Cd) and low significant level of Se than control group.