Proton Pump Inhibitors Induced Hypomagnesaemia in End Stage Renal Disease Patients

Abstract

Objective: To compare the severity of hypomagnesaemia in end stage renal disease patients on hemodialysis taking proton pump inhibitors and standard therapy after three months of treatment.

Study Design: Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) study.

Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Department of Nephrology, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad from May to Aug 2017.

Materials and Methods: This study involved 100 patients of both genders aged 18 years and above with end stage renal disease on hemodialysis. Patients were randomly allocated in two treatment groups. Group-A received PPI along with standard therapy of hemodialysis while those in Group-B received standard therapy of hemodialysis. The frequency of hypomagnesemia (<1.3 mEq/l) after 3 months of treatment was noted and compared between the
two groups.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 50.89±10.20 years. Male to female ratio was found 1.7:1. The average blood urea, plasma albumin, serum creatinine, serum sodium, serum potassium, serum phosphate and serum calcium were not significantly different between two groups with p-value >0.05. Serum magnesium level was the only significant variable between two groups. The mean serum magnesium level was significantly lower in patients on PPI (1.48±0.26) versus control group (1.6±0.22) with p-value <0.05. The frequency of hypomagnesemia was significantly higher in patients on proton pump inhibitors (28.0% vs. 10.0%; p <0.05).

Conclusion: Proton pump inhibitors were found to be associated with hypomagnesemia in patients with end stage renal disease on hemodialysis.