Assessment of Determinants Leading to Salmonella Resistance to Ciprofloxacin in Patients Presenting with Typhoid Fever

Abstract

Objective: To determine the frequency and common factors leading to ciprofloxacin resistance to salmonella among 
patients presenting with typhoid fever. 
Study Design: Descriptive / Cross Sectional Study  
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Department of Medicine, Qazi Hussain Ahmad 
Medical Complex, Nowshera from 23-01-2018 to 22-07-2018. 
Materials and Methods: Through a Descriptive Cross Sectional Study Design, a total of 195 patients with typhoid 
fever were selected in a consecutive manner from Medical Wards and tested for resistance of salmonella to 
ciprofloxacin and common risk factors leading to it such as prior use of ciprofloxacin and recurrent typhoid fever 
were also scrutinized. 
Results: The mean age of patients was 29.4 ± 11.56 years with 63% male gender predominating the overall sample 
of typhoid fever. On disc diffusion (Kirby Beur) method salmonella resistance to ciprofloxacin was found in 72 
(36.9%) of patients with 36-45 years of age group most commonly affected age group (47%) and male (72.2%) 
commonly affected gender. The distribution of common factors leading to salmonella resistance to ciprofloxacin are: 
46 (63.9%) had history of prior use of ciprofloxacin and 26 (36.1%) had recurrent typhoid fever. 
Conclusion: As in many other parts of the world, salmonella resistance to ciprofloxacin is also common in our local 
population and the most common factor responsible for it is prior use of ciprofloxacin.