Study of Different Patterns of Fingerprints Prevalent in Our Population

Abstract

Objectives: The objectives of the study is to observe and analyze different types of fingerprint patterns in our 
population and compare it with other studies conducted in Pakistan and abroad, their utility in Forensic 
investigations, diagnosis and prevention of diseases, criticism on their utility and its defense. 
Study Design: Comparative study. 
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted on the Medico-legal cases received in the casualty 
department of Lahore General Hospital, Lahore from January 2011 to June 2011. 
Materials and Methods: 200 males and 200 females between the ages of 10 years to 65 years were included in the 
study for analyzing different type of fingerprint patterns. The fingerprints (impressions) were taken on the unglazed 
white paper by nail to nail rolled method of all fingers and thumbs of both hands with black ink. These cases were 
separated on the basis of four basic patterns of fingerprints, their subclasses in both sexes. The relevant data was 
collected on prescribed Performa and then the results were scrutinized and statistically analyzed. 
Results: On analysis of data recorded, average percentage values of males and females, the loop type of the pattern 
was 54%, whorl 32%, arch 10.05% and composite 3.5% and the ulnar loop type of the pattern was 87.5% whereas 
radial loop type of the pattern was 12.5% in our population. 
Conclusion: Fingerprints patterns (dermatoglyphics) are not only old standing helpful tool for identification of 
criminals during Forensic investigations, for the identifications of the persons in everyday business on civil side but 
also an emerging science to aid in the diagnosis and prevention of diseases. More elaborated studies should be 
conducted with reference to ethnic and geographical variations in Pakistan also. Biometric database housing 
fingerprints and criminal history of criminals must be developed to help out law enforcement agencies on the pattern 
of IAFIS.