Effect of Combination Treatment with GLP-1 Receptor Agonist and SGLT-2 Inhibitors on Incidence of Cardiovascular and Serious Renal Events

Abstract

Objective: This review aims to synthesize current evidence on the combined use of GLP-1 RAs and SGLT-2 inhibitors, focusing on their impact on cardiovascular and renal outcomes in patients with T2DM.

Study Design: A comprehensive literature review

Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, National University, Oman during 2020 to 2024.

Methods: This study was conducted to analysed the data from clinical trials and observational studies that investigated the individual and combined effects of GLP-1 RAs and SGLT-2 inhibitors on CV and renal outcomes.

Results: The combination therapy of GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT-2 inhibitors demonstrates significant potential in enhancing both cardiovascular and renal outcomes for patients with T2DM. GLP-1 RAs improve glycemic control, reduce weight, and lower blood pressure, leading to a notable reduction in major adverse cardiovascular events. SGLT-2 inhibitors complement these effects by promoting renal glucose excretion and reducing cardiovascular mortality and heart failure hospitalizations.

Conclusion: The combination of GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT-2 inhibitors offers a promising approach for managing T2DM and reducing the risk of cardiovascular and renal complications. This dual therapy approach provides enhanced benefits through complementary mechanisms of action