Vitamin Thiamine and Glucose Homeostasis in Alloxan Induced Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Objective: valuating the vitamin B₁ (thiamine) on glucose homeostasis and Glycosylated hemoglobin A1 (HbA1c) in Alloxan induced diabetic rat model.

Study Design: Experimental study

Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Animal House, Isra University Hyderabad from September 2014 to March 2015.

Materials and Methods: 60 adult albino rats were divided into four groups; Group 1. Controls, Group 2. Rats receiving thiamine added diet, Group 3. Diabetics rats on normal diet and Group 4. Diabetic rats receiving thiamine added diet. Alloxan (120 mg/kg) was introduced intraperitoneally to induce diabetes. Vitamin B1 was given orally at 1.6 g/kg body weight for 12 weeks. Venous blood was taken from tail vein by small bore cannula at the baseline and after 12^th week. Blood glucose and HbA1c were detected at baseline and after 12^th week. Data was saved in proforma and analyzed on SPSS 22.0 using paired student t-test at 95% confidence interval.

Results:  Blood glucose and HbA1c levels were found statistically significant in groups 1 vs. 3 (p=0.0001), 1 vs. 4 (p=0.0001), 2 vs. 3 (p=0.0001), 2 vs. 4, (p=0.001) and 3 vs. 4 (p=0.024) at the end of experiment period. Significant improvement in blood glucose and HbA1c was noted in the vitamin thiamine treated rats.

Conclusion: Vitamin thiamine improved the blood glucose homeostasis and reduced Glycosylated Hemoglobin A1 effectively in experimental rats. It is recommended to supplement diabetic subjects with vitamin thiamine.