Morphological and Histological Changes in Placenta of Hypertensive and Gestational Diabetic Women

Abstract

Objective: To correlate the morphological and histo-pathological changes in placenta observed in normal, diabetic and hypertensive pregnancies.

Study Design: A cross sectional study

Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried at the department of Gynae and Obs Taluka hospital Hala, and Basic health unit Hala from 1^st January, 2014 to 30^th June, 2014

Materials and Methods: For this experimental study statistical analysis was carried on SPSS-11.0 version. Total 90 cases studied were divided in three equal groups. All placentae were processed through stages for final histo-pathological examination.

Results: The study showed that discoid shape were significantly less 4(13.3%) in hypertensive as compared to 16 (53.3%) diabetic and normal placentae (p<0.01), bilobed in 6 (20.0%) diabetic placenta. In hypertensive placenta 15(50%) had central attachment of umbilical cord, diabetic 22 (73.3%) and normal 30(100%).  Central thickness (Mean ± S.D ± SEM) of hypertensive placenta 2.2 ± 0.58 ± 0.11 were significantly less (p<0.01) as compared to normal placenta 3.0 ± 0.03 ± 0.01 but diabetic placenta 3.8 ± 1.15 ± 0.21 were significantly high (p<0.01) as compared to hypertensive and normal placenta.

Conclusion: Gestational diabetes and hypertension had significant t-test that causes morphological changes in placenta that affects fetal and maternal wellbeing. This study is helpful for those who are concerned for mother and child health.