Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19 in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Islamabad

Abstract

Objective: This study is conducted to find out prevalence, risk factor and outcome of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients admitted with COVID-19 in Pakistani population.

Study Design: Retrospective, Observational Study

Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the PAF hospital Islamabad from April, 2020 to December, 2020.

Materials and Methods: It involved a review of data from electronic hospital records of patients who were aged18 years or older with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19. We describe the frequency of AKI and, AKI recovery, dialysis requirement and adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with mortality.

Results: Total 191 COVID-19 patients were enrolled, AKI occurred in total 38 (19.8%) patients and out of them 8(4.2%) patients had severe AKI and required dialysis. Regarding AKI staging, stage 1 was present among 18 (9.4%) patients, 06 (3.1%) had stage 2 and 14 (7.3%) had stage 3 AKI. The patients in ICU developed AKI more frequently stage 1 15.4%, stage 2, 7.7%, and stage 3 by 13.5% respectively. Patients with AKI were more likely to have admission in ICU, requirement for mechanical ventilation and requirement for inotropic support. Mortality was very high among patient with AKI 60.5% as compared to patient with no AKI 13.7%.

Conclusion: We found in our study that AKI is a relatively common complication observed among patients hospitalized with COVID-19. It is linked to poor outcome and high mortality.