Safety and Efficacy of Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy for Kidney Stones in Infants in Pakistan

Abstract

Objective: To assess the safety and effectiveness of minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy in infants of age less than 12 months in Pakistan.

Study Design: Analytic study

Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Pediatric Urology Department at Institute of Kidney Diseases Peshawar from March 2020 to March 2021.

Materials and Methods: Children under the age of 12 months having renal stone of size > 1cm in greatest dimension on CT-KUB were enrolled in this study. Patients with positive urine cultures, elevated serum creatinine, horse shoe kidneys, ectopic kidneys and bleeding diathesis were omitted from this study. All patients underwent mini-PCNL under general anesthesia in prone position.

Results: A total of 33 patients with mean age 9.3 + 2.05 months were included in this study. The mean stone size, operative time, hospital stay and drop in hemoglobin (Hb) were 11.50 + 1.37 mm, 52.12 + 8.23 mins, 2.36 + 0.74 days and 1.65 + 0.89 g/dl respectively. We attained stone free status in 84.85% of the patients. Postoperative complications developed in 21.21% of the patients. Only 15.15% patients required retreatment.

Conclusion: We concluded that for renal stones, in the infantile stage group, mini-PCNL is safe and effective treatment for renal stones in infants.