Neuroprotective Effects of PLCL Galantamine Nanoparticles Via PIK3CA Pathway Activation in Aluminum Chloride Induced Neurotoxicity Model

Abstract

Objective: To analyze theneuroprotective efficacy of galantamine encapsulated in poly(lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) nanoparticles against aluminum chloride induced neurotoxicity.

Study Design: Experimental study
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the College of Medicine, University of Babylon, Iraq from 1st December 2025 to 30th March 2026.

Methodology: SH-SY5Y cell lines were treated with poly(lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) galantamine nanoparticles at concentrations of 6.25, 25, and 100 µg/mL, either alone or in combination with aluminum chloride (500 µg/mL) along with untreated cells as a control group.

Results: Aluminum chloride (500 µg/mL) reduced cell viability to 65% and establishing a cytotoxic baseline, poly(lactide-co-ε-caprolactone)-galantamine nanoparticles administered 24 hours before aluminum chloride challenge restored viability to 101-116% across all concentrations tested, and produced a striking 8.49-fold phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha upregulation at 6.25 µg/mL,

Conclusion: Poly(lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) nanoparticles significantly enhance the neuroprotective effect of galantamine on aluminum chloride induce toxicity in SH-SY5Y cell line by activation the survival pathways.