Spectrum of Acute Coronary Syndrome in Patients Presenting to Cardiac Care Unit ofTertiary Care Hospital, Abbottabad

Abstract

Objective: To study the clinical spectrum of Acute Coronary Syndrome in patients presenting to Cardiac Unit of a tertiary care hospital.

Study Design: Cross-Sectional Observational Study
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Department of Medicine, Combined Military Hospital, Abbottabad, Pakistan from October 2025 to March 2026.

Methods: Patients of both genders age 20-70 years, admitted to CCU, diagnosed with ACS were included. The demographic information, clinical presentation, risk factors, electrocardiographic findings, coro-angiography
findings and inferred arterial territory were noted. Data were stratified according to age, risk factors, and clinical spectrum of ACS and variables compared within sub-types and arterial territory involved.

Results: Three hundred seventy patients diagnosed with ACS were included with median age of 51.00 (17.00) years including 221 (59.7%) male and 149 (40.3%) female patients. STEMI was most common ACS subtype in 226 (61.1%) patients, followed by NSTEMI in 100 (27.0%) and unstable angina in 44 (11.9%) patients. The left anterior descending (LAD) artery was most frequently involved territory in 174 (47.0%) patients.

Conclusion: Typical presentation of ACS was associated with STEMI, chest pain, ST elevation and LAD involvement. However, atypical cases were linked to NSTEMI or USA, dyspnea, ST depression or LBBB on ECG and PDA or Multivessel involvement on coro-angiography.