A Case Report of Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis in Thi-Qar Province, Southern of Iraq

Abstract

Naegleria fowleri is one of the most important free living amoeba can caused usually fatal disease, such as "primary amoebic meningoencephalitis" is a rare. We diagnosed of amoebic meningoencephalitis by Naegleria fowleri. This case was the first study in the province of Thi Qar to be recorded. This case was identified in Nassaryia City, where the patient was an 11-year-old boy. Thi-Qar province Naegleria fowleri was diagnosed in direct cerebral spinal fluid sample and cerebral spinal fluid cultured on non-nutrient agar medium, the flagellated and amoeboid trophozoite stages were observed, as well as the cystic form. The molecular detection of Naegleria fowleri showed PCR product was 183bp for 18srRNA gene. The cerebral spinal fluid must be microscopically examined in order to identify the amoeba stages and rule out the bacterial cause. Accurate and rapid diagnosis is important to treat the condition as
quickly as possible Genetic identification can also be used to diagnose amoeba. Amoebic meningoencephalitis treatment may benefit from a prompt diagnosis. Preventing amoebic meningoencephalitis infection can be achieved in part by refraining from swimming or utilizing freshwater. Finally, clinical and laboratory personnel must be trained on the importance of prompt diagnosis and proper patient care for individuals with suspected primary amebic meningoencephalitis.