Frequency of Contrast Induced Nephropathy: Complications in Patients Undergoing PPCI for Acute STEMI

Abstract

Objective: To determine frequency of contrast induced nephropathy and post-operative complications in patients undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PPCI) for acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction.

Study Design: Observational/ Cross-sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Department of Nephrology, Shaikh Zayed Hospital Lahore from January 2019 to June 2019.

Materials and Methods: Total 220 male/female patients with ages 35 to 80 years undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PPSCI) were included. Patients demographic including age, sex and co-morbidities were recorded after written consent. Increase of 0.5mg/dl of serum creatinine level from baseline to 72 hours after contrast administration was set a criteria for contrast induced nephropathy. Postoperative complications, in-hospital mortality and hospital stay was recorded.

Results: One hundred and sixty five (75%) patients were males while 55 (25%) were females. Eighty eight (40%) patients were ages <50 years while 132 (60%) patients had ages above 50 years. Contrast induced nephropathy was found in 32 (14.55%) patients. Post-operative complications rate was high in patients with CIN as compared to non CIN patients (p=<0.05). Length of hospital stay was high in CIN patients. Overall mortality rate was 10% in which 7.72% patients had CIN.

Conclusion: Frequency of contrast induced nephropathy was high and was directly associated with increased mortality, post-operative complications and increased length of hospital stay.